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[SOLVED] Installed Memory vs RAM Usable by Windows

 
 
Nibiru2012 Nibiru2012 is offline
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      07-12-2010
From: Benchmark Reviews June 13, 2010

Most PC users are familiar with the 4GB system memory limitation of 32-bit Windows Operating Systems, which is why 64-bit computing has become the standard for computer enthusiasts. Occasionally though, a computer system will not report the correct amount of RAM installed. In this article, our 64-bit Windows 7 test system had 6.00 GB of installed memory but indicates only 4.00 GB usable RAM available. While some may dismiss this as a case of defective RAM, you might be surprised by the culprit. Benchmark Reviews troubleshoots Installed Memory vs RAM Usable by Windows.

Diagnosing system memory problems is usually a strait-forward chore: test each module individually using free tools such as Microsoft Memory Diagnostic or Memtest86+. This process usually roots out the defective module, and allows you to move on with replacement. Unfortunately, not all problems are so easily solved. In some cases, the computer system will work without errors or crashing, but the amount of installed memory is more than what Windows reports as usable. This is where troubleshooting can take you to task.



Windows Installed memory (RAM): 6.00 GB (4.00 GB usable)

Modern computer hardware is very durable, but factory defects and improper handling still account for the majority of failures. System memory, often referred to as RAM (Random Access Memory), is the middleman between the processor and Operating System. RAM is installed into DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module) sockets on the motherboard, which adds another component into consideration when troubleshooting. The mainboard can occasionally be to blame for memory problems, too, making it difficult to discern between faulty RAM or motherboard. But what about the CPU?

Many new processors have an integrated memory controller (IMC) built into the CPU, such as the triple-channel DDR3 controller equipped on Intel Core i7 Nehalem LGA1366 processor series. Subsequent dual-channel AMD and Intel processors have utilized this technology, further complicating the process of troubleshooting bad system memory (unless you have compatible RAM and CPU components on hand to test with). In the next section, Benchmark Reviews gives a brief overview of how to diagnose desktop memory problems, and reveals how a faulty IMC can cause Windows hardships.


To read the rest of the article, go HERE.

 
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catilley1092 catilley1092 is offline
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      07-12-2010
Thanks for the reference to the memory test in this article, it revealed my main problem, I have bad RAM in my notebook, even though it folded two jobs in the last two days. What I done, was I found the RAM chips that came with my desktop that I swapped for more RAM (4GB total). However, they were only 1GB instead of the 2GB that was installed. But that's fine, it's now running, no error messages (I was getting 50+ per day).

But my other issue persists, extreme heat. And something else that's weird, it has been going on for a while, my icons will actually move on the screen. There's a gap in them near the bottom of the screen. And one more thing, upon starting up, the screen flashes several times (a black screen) before settling down (mabye 20-30 seconds or so.

One other thing, this RAM was desktop, it was much lighter than what was in it, the magnets are much smaller. Will that be a problem for me? At any rate, all of the warnings and error messages are gone, mabye now I can get some more cash saved towards another one.

PS: When this problem happened, I was told that viruses doesn't infect hardware. I've read otherwise on RAM, that the chips can get infected.

Last edited by catilley1092; 07-12-2010 at 06:07 AM..
 
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      07-12-2010
Quote:
PS: When this problem happened, I was told that viruses doesn't infect hardware. I've read otherwise on RAM, that the chips can get infected.
From InfoPackets.com:

Quote:
Infopackets Reader Ken C. writes:

" Dear Dennis,

My question is this: is it possible for a virus to infect memory modules (RAM) of my PC? I ask because a couple of years ago something went amiss, and one of the Dell techies (over the phone) advised me to unplug and then re-plug in each of the 3 memory modules of my Dell Inspiron B-130 which I did, carefully. The problem was resolved and I'm not even sure if what the technician told me was in fact related to a virus. That said, is it possible that a virus is still lingering in one (or more) of the memory modules? "

My response
:
Good question.
The short answer is that viruses do live in RAM, but not permanently.

The long answer:
When you power off your PC, everything stored in RAM is lost. RAM is meant only for temporary storage and in techy speak is referred to as "primary memory." Permanent memory refers to data which is stored and recalled even after a loss in power. This type of memory is referred to as "secondary memory" or "secondary storage". Your hard drive (the "C Drive") is a good example of secondary storage.

With all that aside: viruses do live in RAM, but only when a virus-infected program is loaded into memory (from an infected file stored on your hard drive, for example) -- but the virus will cease to exist inside the RAM when you power off your PC.

Even if you have your PC turned off for minutes, hours, days, or weeks, RAM can become re-infected with a virus at any time once your PC is turned back on -- but only if you come in direct contact with the virus (stored on the harddrive, or downloaded, for example).

I hope that answers your question.
So what we have told you is true! A virus CANNOT reside in the RAM when the machine is powered off. Also, a few days ago I mentioned that you download MemTest'86 and run it. What memory test did you use to verify you have bad RAM?

Sometimes RAM just goes kaput! Could be from a voltage spike, overheating, etc. The onboard chips sometimes just give up the ghost. That's why it is always recommended to buy RAM from a reputable maker with a lifetime warranty on the RAM sticks.

I have told you several times how to resolve your heat issues, have you done them? From what you're stating above, I really believe you're having CPU heatsink problems.

Last edited by Nibiru2012; 07-12-2010 at 03:52 PM..
 
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TrainableMan TrainableMan is offline
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      07-12-2010
Nibs, It's a laptop. They can be easily damaged just taking them apart. So ripping it open to replace heat sink paste may be risky; he stated in other posts he doesn't want to damage it because it's under warranty.

Cat, there are many differences in RAM: speeds, parity, etc so I don't know if the new mem will be a problem or not. The flashing display sounds like maybe it is searching for the best resolution but I don't know. The moving icons would be effected if the resolution is changed which as I suspect is your flashing. Has your video driver changed? Are you attaching and detaching an external monitor with a different resolution?
 
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      07-12-2010
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Nibs, It's a laptop. They can be easily damaged just taking them apart. So ripping it open to replace heat sink paste may be risky; he stated in other posts he doesn't want to damage it because it's under warranty.
I've taken notebooks apart with no problems. Of course one must have the tech guide to do it properly. "Ripping it open" is NOT how it's done. It's a step-by-step procedure.

If it's under warranty then he needs to send it in and have it serviced then. But a lot of the time, dirty notebooks that need cleaning are not covered under warranty procedures.

His notebook is about to go south on him pretty quick from all the problems he's describing. That is one of the reasons I don't use a notebook for my main computing use, they're too easy to get screwed up and don't have anywhere near the cooling capacity that a desktop has. Notebooks are primarily meant for use on the go, business meetings, conferences and such.

Last edited by Nibiru2012; 07-12-2010 at 07:11 PM..
 
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TrainableMan TrainableMan is offline
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      07-13-2010
It's not really that kind of warranty; if it goes south that's the best result for this type warranty. Basically they aren't big on the repairing it side, they are more of if it dies mail it in our prepaid envelope and we refund all you paid for it.

I'm sure it depends on the laptop but some of the horror stories I've seen were like "the ribbon cable just tore" or "the little plastic tab snapped off". He bought it used so unless he can find an assembly guide online, he probably doesn't have one.
 
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      07-17-2010
That's what I mean, if it goes south (and it's moving along fast), this particular company is not into repairs, especially spending tons of cash on a notebook that isn't even worth it. You call them, describe your problem in detail, usually they tell you then that you're entitled to a refund (if it's severe). They email you a shipping label, you send it in, they inspect it, if it's as you say, your money is refunded, as simple as that. They don't try to push off another refurb on you, it's a straight up deal.

I know, because I was refunded in full on two separate occasions, once on a notebook that was the very same make & model as this one (hard drive), once on another one because it would only trickle charge a battery. This notebook is not worth $400, so what incentive is there for me to clean it, apply new paste, and all? I've already cleaned the RAM stick and the slot, placed it back in, ran a MEM TEST 86 (included with Linux Mint), the RAM is fine. The drive isn't. It overheats all the time, plus a lot of times when you boot into the system, the first thing it does is go into CHKDSK, thermal paste and cleaning dust out won't help. It's a drive system problem. Sure, it should have been cleaned, but the factory (Dell) just refurbished it less than a year ago, it ought to be fairly clean anyway.

However, if I were to buy a new one, I would take the time to clean it really good, a couple of times a year. And reapply thermal paste, if necessary. There's a huge difference in something that's already going south, and you're going to be refunded, and something that's going to cost a grand, and new, and does what you want it to. A huge difference.

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      07-17-2010
Your drive may BE malfunctioning, but it won't cause the notebook to overheat. It's probably the heat from the other parts on the notebook overheating causing the drive to malfunction.

Most hard drives will shut down or start to act goofy when they get hot. They have a thermal limit ya know.

My hard drives in my fan-cooled external case get to about between 38 - 40 deg. Celsius and there is cool air blowing out the back of the case. It's your the other parts overheating on the notebook causing the hard drive to overheat and malfunction.

Have you run S.I.W. to see what is the temperatures of the components?

In the "Sensors" section will tell you your CPU temp, motherboard temp, grapics chipset temp, hard drive temp, etc.

Try that and see what happens. You can also download a free little application called: HWinfo32 You can download it here: http://www.hwinfo.com/

Make sure you get the Windows version, not the DOS.

I'll bet you 10lbs. of pulled pork barbecue that it's the other components overheating.

Here's what the HWinfo32 will show your on the sensors:


Last edited by Nibiru2012; 07-17-2010 at 07:10 AM..
 
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      07-17-2010
I'll check that out. I know other parts have been overheating for a long time, but other than the screen flashing at startup, there were no obvious problems. At the top left of the notebook (above the ESC key), it's hot as hell, top & bottom. About an inch & a half to the right, at the rear, is where the power cord plugs in, so it's in close proximity to the heated area. This is the same area that I was talking about a month ago, it burned my leg, when I fell asleep in the recliner. It scarred it, too.

My doctor told me that with the meds I take, that I didn't need to be leaving a notebook, commonly referred to as "laptops", in my lap while reclining in a chair. It hasn't been in my lap since.

When I get another one, I'm buying one of those nice coolers (one that you plug into an AC outlet) to set it in. That way, it should stay reasonably cool, and I won't get burned again.

I'm sure that I'll see some high numbers on the report on this notebook.
 
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      07-17-2010
Mine doesn't show everything yours does, one reason, I saw that a lot of things were either not present or not supported. But my CPU is at 96C right now, that's probably what burned my leg, and the drive is 46C. Another thing that I see is that the RPM of my CPU is at 4031RPM, while yours is 1551. No wonder it's so hot. I just converted it into degrees, it's now 204.8F. That's almost the point of boiling water!
 
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